A question type in Decision Making

UCAT Logic Puzzles: how to solve them

UCAT 2027·6 min read·Source: UCAT ANZ test format
Direct answerUCAT 2027

Logic puzzles are scenarios that involve organizing a group of people or things into a specific sequence based on a set of conditions. The core Decision Making skill tested here is the process of elimination - honing this should allow you to answer any question.

Reviewed by the MedPath UCAT team · June 2026
The basics

What is a logic puzzle question?

Each logic puzzle question starts with a short scenario (e.g. "five pharmacy staff in five positions") followed by a list of rules (e.g. "Kai stands immediately before Lila"). By applying the rules against the scenario, you should be able to determine the sequencing of people or things within the given group.

Logic puzzles are not fully solvable from a single read-through of the rules. While certain clues do allow you to make confirmed statements (i.e. anchors), the majority are dependent on anchors or in the context of other clues.

The cleanest approach to logic puzzles is drawing a grid - complete the example question below and we'll show you how to construct, test, and answer questions using this method.

Example

Organizing Project Updates

Try it yourself
Decision Making · Logic Puzzles
The setup

Four colleagues (Nadia, Omar, Priya and Reza) each give a project update on a different day, Monday to Thursday, with one update per day.

  1. 1Nadia’s update is earlier in the week than Priya’s.
  2. 2Omar does not present on Monday or Thursday.
  3. 3Reza presents on the day immediately after Priya.

Who presents on Thursday?

How to approach it

The Grid Method

Sketch a small grid.
Put the people or things down one side and the positions or categories across the top.
Anchor the fixed clues first.
Clues that pin one item to one position ("the Paris flight is at 7am") should always be assigned first.
Pin blocks, then place them.
“X immediately before Y” creates a pair that may force (or forbid) specific positions.
Apply one clue at a time and follow the consequences.
Each elimination usually forces the next so resist guessing a whole arrangement in one go.
Check every constraint before you commit.
Most wrong answers satisfy all but one clue - double-check your logic before skipping ahead.
Read “before” and “immediately before” precisely.
A single word changes which positions are legal and whether you can take advantage of paired blocks.
The traps

Classic Logic Puzzle Traps

Constraint partially applied
Committing to a placement that satisfies most of the clues but quietly breaks the one you didn’t go back and check.
Block position not testedIn the example
Pinning a block like “X immediately before Y” without checking every position the block could occupy; it’s the trap in the example above.
Multiple arrangements exist
Settling on the first arrangement that works when the clues allow several, and only the entity the question asks about is truly fixed.
Ruling in from ruling out
Treating a clue that rules an option out as if it ruled another option in. “Gluten-free” rules out the pasta but doesn’t choose the risotto.
Either-or exhaustion missed
Taking one branch of an “X is first or last” clue without testing whether the other branch also fits.
Superlative ignored
Skimming past a load-bearing word like “as far as possible” or “immediately” that actually forces a position.
Wrong attribute over-read as a condition
Reading a descriptive detail as though it were a binding rule.

Trap guides are being published. Links open as each goes live.

How to practiCe

Learning Grid-Building through Volume

While tedious at first, the grid method is the quickest and most reliable approach to logic puzzles for those that know how to do it. The best way to train for these isn't just understanding the basics of grid-building, but practicing it enough so that it becomes instinctual.

MedPath drills logic puzzles trap by trap - with a worked interactive grid for each - and steers your practice toward the traps you keep falling for.

Practise adaptively

Practise logic puzzles adaptively.

MedPath drills logic puzzles trap by trap - with a worked interactive grid for each - and steers practice toward the traps you keep falling for.

Decision Making · question type 2 of 6
FAQ

Logic puzzles, in short

Do I need outside knowledge or a calculator for logic puzzles?+

No. Everything you need is in the clues, and you solve by elimination rather than arithmetic. Decision Making does give you a simple on-screen calculator, but logic puzzles rarely call for it.

How are logic puzzles scored?+

As part of Decision Making, they count towards its 300–900 scaled score. Most logic puzzles are single-best-answer, so unlike the multi-statement Decision Making types, there’s usually no partial credit; you need the right arrangement to earn the mark.

What’s the most common mistake?+

Settling on the first arrangement that seems to work without checking it against every clue, or assuming the whole grid is fixed when only the entity the question asks about is actually pinned.

Part of Decision Making in The Complete UCAT Guide. Other Decision Making types: Syllogisms · Venn Diagrams · Interpreting Information · Recognising Assumptions · Probabilistic Reasoning.
Practise adaptively

Place every clue, every time.

Practise logic puzzles on the full adaptive bank, trap by trap, scored, with a predicted band.

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